# CVE-2025-9401: HuangDou UTCMS Login login.php comparison

> Remote attackers can bypass authentication in HuangDou UTCMS via incorrect comparison logic in the login module, potentially gaining unauthorized access.

- **Severity:** Medium 6.3 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 25 Aug 2025
- **Updated:** 25 Aug 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-923c-8fx5-479g

## What is CVE-2025-9401?

CVE-2025-9401 is a medium-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in HuangDou UTCMS, published on 25 Aug 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A vulnerability has been found in HuangDou UTCMS 9. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file app/modules/ut-frame/admin/login.php of the component Login. Such manipulation of the argument code leads to incorrect comparison. The attack can be executed remotely. The attack requires a high level of complexity. It is stated that the exploitability is difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Weakness: CWE-697 (Incorrect Comparison)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-9401?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Utcms Project Utcms.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-9401?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-9401 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-9401 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-9401 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in HuangDou UTCMS

- [CVE-2025-56407](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-56407/): SQL injection in n/a (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2025-9402](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-9402/): HuangDou UTCMS Config update.php server-side request forgery (medium 5.1)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-9401 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-9401 is a medium-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in HuangDou UTCMS, published on 25 Aug 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-9401 exists.

Affected product: HuangDou UTCMS. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-9401/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-9401/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-9401
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9401
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-9401

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-9401/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.