# CVE-2025-9405: Open5GS gmm-sm.c gmm_state_exception assertion

> Remote attackers can trigger a reachable assertion in Open5GS AMF, causing a denial of service. Administrators should apply the available patch.

- **Severity:** Medium 6.9 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 25 Aug 2025
- **Updated:** 31 Aug 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-3pc3-xxxx-7pfj

## What is CVE-2025-9405?

CVE-2025-9405 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Open5gs Open5gs, published on 25 Aug 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A security flaw has been discovered in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. The impacted element is the function gmm_state_exception of the file src/amf/gmm-sm.c. The manipulation results in reachable assertion. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. The patch is identified as 8e5fed16114f2f5e40bee1b161914b592b2b7b8f. Applying a patch is advised to resolve this issue.

Weakness: CWE-617 (Reachable Assertion)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-9405?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Open5gs Open5gs.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-9405?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-9405 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-9405 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-9405 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in Open5gs Open5gs

- [CVE-2024-40130](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-40130/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2021-28122](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-28122/): Missing authorization in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2021-25863](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2021-25863/): Hardcoded credentials in n/a (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2025-41067](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-41067/): Reachable Assertion vulnerability in Open5GS (high 8.7)
- [CVE-2025-41068](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-41068/): Reachable Assertion vulnerability in Open5GS (high 8.7)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-9405 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-9405 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Open5gs Open5gs, published on 25 Aug 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-9405 exists.

Affected product: Open5gs Open5gs. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-9405/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-9405/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-9405
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9405
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-9405

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-9405/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.