CVE-2025-9408 Userspace privilege escalation vulnerability on Cortex M
A race condition in Zephyr RTOS system call entry allows malicious userspace processes to escalate privileges on Cortex M devices.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- None listed
What is CVE-2025-9408?
CVE-2025-9408 is a high-severity vulnerability in zephyrproject-rtos Zephyr, published on 11 Nov 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
System call entry on Cortex M (and possibly R and A, but I think not) has a race which allows very practical privilege escalation for malicious userspace processes.
Weakness: CWE-270
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-9408?
How do I fix CVE-2025-9408?
No fix has been published for CVE-2025-9408 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.
Is CVE-2025-9408 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-9408 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Sources
Also known as GHSA-3r6j-5mp3-75wr.