{"answers":{"affected":"5 open source packages ship an affected version, including protobuf. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-0994 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade protobuf to a fixed version for your release line: 5.29.6 or 6.33.5.","what":"CVE-2026-0994 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in Python Protobuf, published on 23 Jan 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2026-0994 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2026-0994 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in Python Protobuf, published on 23 Jan 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-0994 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- protobuf (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 5.29.6, 6.33.5\n- protobuf (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 5.29.6\n- protobuf (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 5.29.6\n- protobuf (PyPI): affected from 6.30.0rc1; fixed in 6.33.5\n- protobuf (PyPI): affected from 6.30.0rc1; fixed in 6.33.5\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-0994/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-0994/index.md)","id":"CVE-2026-0994","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-0994/index.md","name":"CVE-2026-0994","record":{"aliases":["ALSA-2026:3094","ALSA-2026:3095","AZL-75830","AZL-76481","AZL-76487","AZL-76505","AZL-76602","BELL-CVE-2026-0994","CLEANSTART-2026-AQ60888","CLEANSTART-2026-PH08344","CLEANSTART-2026-RQ34682","CLEANSTART-2026-WA39433","CLEANSTART-2026-WB32987","CLEANSTART-2026-WT17870","CLSA-2026-1770768843","CLSA-2026-1772451263","CLSA-2026-1772453362","CLSA-2026-1788858730","CLSA-2026-1791188851","DEBIAN-CVE-2026-0994","ECHO-1995-ff5e-ce0c","GHSA-7gcm-g887-7qv7","MINI-8c2p-3hx7-chxg","MINI-9p84-2f66-w8g6","MINI-chjg-5c76-pf73","MINI-f9mc-r9fc-g3fx","MINI-ggq5-7v34-9phx","MINI-h4v9-6r3g-p4x2","MINI-pj43-xq9f-j692","MINI-rv9c-v782-3mf2","MINI-vcvc-7f9g-7xj3","OESA-2026-1432","PYSEC-2026-1805","RHSA-2026:3059","RHSA-2026:3094","RHSA-2026:3095","RHSA-2026:3097","RHSA-2026:3218","RHSA-2026:3219","RHSA-2026:3220","RLSA-2026:3094","RLSA-2026:3095","ROOT-APP-PYPI-CVE-2026-0994","SUSE-SU-2026:0374-1","SUSE-SU-2026:0517-1","SUSE-SU-2026:0563-1","SUSE-SU-2026:0618-1","SUSE-SU-2026:20352-1","SUSE-SU-2026:20490-1","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-0994","USN-8063-2","openSUSE-SU-2026:10515-1"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Python Protobuf library","requires_auth":"none","summary":"An attacker can cause a denial of service by bypassing recursion limits in Python Protobuf's JSON parser using deeply nested Any messages.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"Google","cpe":[{"product":"protobuf","vendor":"google"}],"cvss":{"score":8.2,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-674","name":"Uncontrolled Recursion"}],"description":"A denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability exists in google.protobuf.json_format.ParseDict() in Python, where the max_recursion_depth limit can be bypassed when parsing nested google.protobuf.Any messages.\n\nDue to missing recursion depth accounting inside the internal Any-handling logic, an attacker can supply deeply nested Any structures that bypass the intended recursion limit, eventually exhausting Python’s recursion stack and causing a RecursionError.","ecosystems":["AlmaLinux:10","AlmaLinux:9","PyPI","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crb","Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:9.0::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_e4s:9.2::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::crb","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::crb","Rocky Linux:10","Rocky Linux:9","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP5","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP7","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Python 3 15 SP7","SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0","SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1","openSUSE:Leap 15.6","openSUSE:Tumbleweed"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-09-16","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":1,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2026-09-16T12:55:11Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/Vardhan0257/upb-any-recursion-audit","stars":1,"title":"Ruby/PHP upb Any-recursion audit: falsified vs CVE-2026-0994 bug class"}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Denial of Service in Python Protobuf","id":"CVE-2026-0994","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"PyPI","product":null,"products":[],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2026"},"n_packages":119,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"Race condition in C1 Pro","id":"CVE-2026-0995"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":["5.29.6","6.33.5"],"introduced":["0","6.30.0rc1"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf","purl":"pkg:pypi/protobuf","source":"PYSEC-2026-1805"},{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":["5.29.6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-7gcm-g887-7qv7"},{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":["5.29.6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf","purl":"pkg:pypi/protobuf","source":"GHSA-7gcm-g887-7qv7"},{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":["6.33.5"],"introduced":["6.30.0rc1"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-7gcm-g887-7qv7"},{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":["6.33.5"],"introduced":["6.30.0rc1"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf","purl":"pkg:pypi/protobuf","source":"GHSA-7gcm-g887-7qv7"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf","source":"ALSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-compiler","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf-compiler","source":"ALSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf-devel","source":"ALSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-lite","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf-lite","source":"ALSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-lite-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf-lite-devel","source":"ALSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python3-protobuf","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/python3-protobuf","source":"ALSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf","source":"ALSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-compiler","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf-compiler","source":"ALSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf-devel","source":"ALSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-lite","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf-lite","source":"ALSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-lite-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/protobuf-lite-devel","source":"ALSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python3-protobuf","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/python3-protobuf","source":"ALSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1","fixed":["0:3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf","source":"RHSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1","fixed":["0:3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-compiler","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-compiler","source":"RHSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1","fixed":["0:3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-compiler-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-compiler-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1","fixed":["0:3.19.6-15.el10_1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:3094"},{"ecosystem":"Red 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Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["0:3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-compiler-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-compiler-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["0:3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["0:3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-debugsource","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-debugsource","source":"RHSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["0:3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-lite","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-lite","source":"RHSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"Red 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Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crb","fixed":["0:3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crb","fixed":["0:3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-debugsource","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-debugsource","source":"RHSA-2026:3095"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crb","fixed":["0:3.14.0-17.el9_7"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"protobuf-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/protobuf-devel","source":"RHSA-2026:3095"}],"prev":{"headline":"SODOLA SL902-SWTGW124AS Buffer Overflow DoS via Multipart Boundary Parser","id":"CVE-2026-0993"},"products":["Protobuf"],"published":"2026-01-23","related":[{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Memory corruption in n/a","id":"CVE-2015-5237","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2017-09-25"},{"cvss_score":8.7,"headline":"Stack overflow in Protocol Buffers Java Lite","id":"CVE-2024-7254","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-09-19"},{"cvss_score":7.6,"headline":"Use after free in C++ protobuf","id":"CVE-2024-2410","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-05-03"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"MIT","name":"AlmaLinux","prefix":"ALSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"PyPA Advisory Database","prefix":"PYSEC"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Red Hat","prefix":"RHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-09-01","vendors":["Python"]},"summary":"An attacker can cause a denial of service by bypassing recursion limits in Python Protobuf's JSON parser using deeply nested Any messages.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-0994/"}