# CVE-2026-23735: Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition') in graphql-modules

> Attackers can exploit a race condition to mix request contexts, potentially leaking authentication tokens or accessing unauthorized data in GraphQL services.

- **Severity:** High 8.7 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 16 Jan 2026
- **Updated:** 16 Jan 2026
- **Also known as:** GHSA-53wg-r69p-v3r7

## What is CVE-2026-23735?

CVE-2026-23735 is a high-severity vulnerability in graphql-hive graphql-modules, published on 16 Jan 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

GraphQL Modules is a toolset of libraries and guidelines dedicated to create reusable, maintainable, testable and extendable modules out of your GraphQL server. From 2.2.1 to before 2.4.1 and 3.1.1, when 2 or more parallel requests are made which trigger the same service, the context of the requests is mixed up in the service when the context is injected via @ExecutionContext(). ExecutionContext is often used to pass authentication tokens from incoming requests to services loading data from backend APIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.4.1 and 3.1.1.

Weakness: CWE-362 (Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2026-23735?

4 open source packages ship an affected version, including graphql-modules.


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `graphql-modules` | npm | From 2.2.1 | 2.4.1 |
| `graphql-modules` | npm | From 2.2.1 | 2.4.1 |
| `graphql-modules` | npm | From 3.0.0 | 3.1.1 |
| `graphql-modules` | npm | From 3.0.0 | 3.1.1 |

## How do I fix CVE-2026-23735?

Upgrade graphql-modules to a fixed version for your release line: 2.4.1 or 3.1.1.

## Is CVE-2026-23735 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2026-23735 exists.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2026-23735 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2026-23735 is a high-severity vulnerability in graphql-hive graphql-modules, published on 16 Jan 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2026-23735 exists.

Affected packages and fixed versions:
- graphql-modules (npm): affected from 2.2.1; fixed in 2.4.1
- graphql-modules (npm): affected from 2.2.1; fixed in 2.4.1
- graphql-modules (npm): affected from 3.0.0; fixed in 3.1.1
- graphql-modules (npm): affected from 3.0.0; fixed in 3.1.1

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-23735/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-23735/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-23735
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23735
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-23735

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From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-23735/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.