{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2026-23988 exists.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2026-23988 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2026-23988 is a high-severity vulnerability in pbatard rufus, published on 22 Jan 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2026-23988 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2026-23988 is a high-severity vulnerability in pbatard rufus, published on 22 Jan 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2026-23988 exists.\n\nAffected product: pbatard rufus. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-23988/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-23988/index.md)","id":"CVE-2026-23988","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-23988/index.md","name":"CVE-2026-23988","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-hcx5-hrhj-xhq9"],"analysis":{"component_type":"desktop_application","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["code_execution","privilege_escalation"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"USB formatting utility","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"A local attacker can exploit a race condition in Rufus to replace a temporary script and execute arbitrary code with Administrator privileges.","user_interaction":"required","vuln_class":"race_condition"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"rufus","vendor":"akeo"}],"cvss":{"score":7.3,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-367","name":"Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition"}],"description":"Rufus is a utility that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives. Versions 4.11 and below contain a race condition (TOCTOU) in src/net.c during the creation, validation, and execution of the Fido PowerShell script. Since Rufus runs with elevated privileges (Administrator) but writes the script to the %TEMP% directory (writeable by standard users) without locking the file, a local attacker can replace the legitimate script with a malicious one between the file write operation and the execution step. This allows arbitrary code execution with Administrator privileges. This issue has been fixed in version 4.12_BETA.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":false,"headline":"Rufus has Local Privilege Escalation via TOCTOU Race Condition in Fido Script Handling","id":"CVE-2026-23988","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"race_condition","year":"2026"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":3,"next":{"headline":"REVA Public Link Exploit","id":"CVE-2026-23989"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Copier safe template has arbitrary filesystem write access via directory symlinks when _preserve_symlinks: true","id":"CVE-2026-23986"},"products":["rufus"],"published":"2026-01-22","related":[{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Privilege escalation in Rufus","id":"CVE-2019-1010101","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2019-07-19"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Other in Rufus","id":"CVE-2019-1010100","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2019-07-19"},{"cvss_score":5.3,"headline":"Code injection in Rufus","id":"CVE-2017-13083","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2017-10-18"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"poc","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-01-23","vendors":["pbatard"]},"summary":"A local attacker can exploit a race condition in Rufus to replace a temporary script and execute arbitrary code with Administrator privileges.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-23988/"}