{"answers":{"affected":"","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2026-28496 exists.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2026-28496 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2026-28496 is a critical code injection vulnerability in FOSSBilling, published on 23 Jun 2026. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2026-28496 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2026-28496 is a critical code injection vulnerability in FOSSBilling, published on 23 Jun 2026. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2026-28496 exists.\n\nAffected product: FOSSBilling. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-28496/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-28496/index.md)","id":"CVE-2026-28496","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-28496/index.md","name":"CVE-2026-28496","record":{"aliases":["CVE-2026-42347"],"analysis":{"component_type":"web_application","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["code_execution","data_read"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Billing management system","requires_auth":"high_privilege","summary":"Administrators can inject Twig expressions to achieve remote code execution and information disclosure in FOSSBilling.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"code_injection"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[],"cvss":{"score":9.4,"severity":"critical","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-1336","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine"}],"description":"FOSSBilling is a free, open-source billing and client management system. Versions prior to 0.8.0 have a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in the template rendering system. Administrators with access to features that render Twig templates (email templates, mass mail campaigns, custom payment adapters, and the `string_render` API endpoint) can inject arbitrary Twig expressions, leading to information disclosure and remote code execution. The vulnerability exists because Twig templates are rendered without a sandbox, allowing access to the full Twig environment, API context, and the application's dependency injection container. Version 0.8.0 patches the issue. Some workarounds are available. Audit existing email templates for suspicious Twig expressions, rotate all admin and client API tokens, and/or block external access to /api/system/* at reverse proxy/WAF to mitigate chaining with GHSA-78x5-c8gw-8279.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-06-29","github_poc":2,"max_poc_stars":1,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":1,"refs":[{"date":"2026-06-29T14:39:05Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/rootdirective-sec/CVE-2026-28496-Lab","stars":1,"title":null},{"date":"2026-09-10T07:18:20Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/ivanesk315/CVE-2026-28496","stars":0,"title":null},{"date":null,"kind":"nuclei","ref":"http/cves/2026/CVE-2026-28496.yaml","stars":null,"title":"FOSSBilling - Server-Side Template Injection"}],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":false,"headline":"FOSSBilling: Server-side template injection in Twig template rendering enables information disclosure and RCE","id":"CVE-2026-28496","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"code_injection","year":"2026"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":3,"next":{"headline":"TinyWeb: Integer Overflow in `_Val` (HTTP Request Smuggling)","id":"CVE-2026-28497"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"GetSimple CMS has CSRF to Remote Code Execution via Arbitrary PHP Write in gsconfig.php","id":"CVE-2026-28495"},"products":["FOSSBilling"],"published":"2026-06-23","related":[],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"MIT","name":"Nuclei templates"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-06-23","vendors":["FOSSBilling"]},"summary":"Administrators can inject Twig expressions to achieve remote code execution and information disclosure in FOSSBilling.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-28496/"}