{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-31495 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Apply the vendor's patch.","what":"CVE-2026-31495 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 22 Apr 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2026-31495 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2026-31495 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 22 Apr 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-31495 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-31495/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-31495/index.md)","id":"CVE-2026-31495","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-31495/index.md","name":"CVE-2026-31495","record":{"aliases":["AZL-83303","BELL-CVE-2026-31495","DEBIAN-CVE-2026-31495","GHSA-q87j-mxf4-249g","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-11-CVE-2026-31495","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-12-CVE-2026-31495","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-13-CVE-2026-31495","ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2204-CVE-2026-31495","ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2404-CVE-2026-31495","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-31495"],"analysis":{"component_type":"kernel","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Linux kernel netfilter","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"Improper validation of TCP window scale values in ctnetlink allows undefined behavior via shift operations, potentially causing kernel crashes.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"integer_overflow"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"Linux","cpe":[{"product":"linux_kernel","vendor":"linux"}],"cvss":{"score":5.5,"severity":"medium","source":"nvd","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[],"description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ctnetlink: use netlink policy range checks\n\nReplace manual range and mask validations with netlink policy\nannotations in ctnetlink code paths, so that the netlink core rejects\ninvalid values early and can generate extack errors.\n\n- CTA_PROTOINFO_TCP_STATE: reject values \u003e TCP_CONNTRACK_SYN_SENT2 at\n  policy level, removing the manual \u003e= TCP_CONNTRACK_MAX check.\n- CTA_PROTOINFO_TCP_WSCALE_ORIGINAL/REPLY: reject values \u003e TCP_MAX_WSCALE\n  (14). The normal TCP option parsing path already clamps to this value,\n  but the ctnetlink path accepted 0-255, causing undefined behavior when\n  used as a u32 shift count.\n- CTA_FILTER_ORIG_FLAGS/REPLY_FLAGS: use NLA_POLICY_MASK with\n  CTA_FILTER_F_ALL, removing the manual mask checks.\n- CTA_EXPECT_FLAGS: use NLA_POLICY_MASK with NF_CT_EXPECT_MASK, adding\n  a new mask define grouping all valid expect flags.\n\nExtracted from a broader nf-next patch by Florian Westphal, scoped to\nctnetlink for the fixes tree.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"netfilter: ctnetlink: use netlink policy range checks","id":"CVE-2026-31495","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"linux:linux_kernel","products":["linux:linux_kernel"],"type":"integer_overflow","year":"2026"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":8,"next":{"headline":"netfilter: nf_conntrack_expect: skip expectations in other netns via proc","id":"CVE-2026-31496"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"net: macb: use the current queue number for stats","id":"CVE-2026-31494"},"products":["Linux"],"published":"2026-04-22","related":[{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write","id":"CVE-2026-53266","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2026-06-25"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation","id":"CVE-2013-6282","kev_date_added":"2022-09-15","published":"2013-11-19"},{"cvss_score":8.4,"headline":"Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow","id":"CVE-2022-0185","kev_date_added":"2024-08-21","published":"2022-02-11"},{"cvss_score":8.4,"headline":"Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation","id":"CVE-2013-2094","kev_date_added":"2022-09-15","published":"2013-05-14"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Unspecified","id":"CVE-2026-53362","kev_date_added":"2026-08-27","published":"2026-07-04"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Missing Initialization of a Variable","id":"CVE-2026-46300","kev_date_added":"2026-10-28","published":"2026-05-23"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Race Condition","id":"CVE-2025-39964","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-10-13"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":null,"exploitation":null,"technical_impact":null},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-10-15","vendors":["Linux"]},"summary":"Improper validation of TCP window scale values in ctnetlink allows undefined behavior via shift operations, potentially causing kernel crashes.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-31495/"}