{"answers":{"affected":"5 open source packages ship an affected version, including composer/composer and composer. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-40261 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade composer/composer to a fixed version for your release line: 2.2.27 or 2.9.6.","what":"CVE-2026-40261 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in composer, published on 15 Apr 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2026-40261 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2026-40261 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in composer, published on 15 Apr 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-40261 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- composer/composer (Packagist): affected from 1.0.0; fixed in 2.2.27\n- composer/composer (Packagist): affected from 1.0.0; fixed in 2.2.27\n- composer/composer (Packagist): affected from 2.3.0; fixed in 2.9.6\n- composer/composer (Packagist): affected from 2.3.0; fixed in 2.9.6\n- composer (Bitnami): affected from 1.0.0; fixed in 2.2.27, 2.9.6\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-40261/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-40261/index.md)","id":"CVE-2026-40261","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-40261/index.md","name":"CVE-2026-40261","record":{"aliases":["BIT-composer-2026-40261","DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40261","GHSA-gqw4-4w2p-838q","MINI-2jj7-qpww-7f59","MINI-h2qp-83g4-h3f7","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-40261"],"analysis":{"component_type":"developer_tool","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["code_execution"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"PHP dependency manager","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can execute arbitrary commands via malicious package metadata in Composer, affecting developers installing dependencies from source.","user_interaction":"required","vuln_class":"command_injection"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"composer","vendor":"getcomposer"}],"cvss":{"score":8.8,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"},{"id":"CWE-20","name":"Improper Input Validation"}],"description":"Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::syncCodeBase() method, which appends the $sourceReference parameter to a shell command without proper escaping, and additionally in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method as in GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p / CVE-2026-40176, which interpolates user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) from the source url field without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through crafted source reference or source url values containing shell metacharacters, even if Perforce is not installed. Unlike CVE-2026-40176, the source reference and url are provided as part of package metadata, meaning any compromised or malicious Composer repository can serve package metadata declaring perforce as a source type with malicious values. This vulnerability is exploitable when installing or updating dependencies from source, including the default behavior when installing dev-prefixed versions. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline). If developers are unable to immediately update, they can avoid installing dependencies from source by using --prefer-dist or the preferred-install: dist config setting, and only use trusted Composer repositories as a workaround.","ecosystems":["Bitnami","Packagist"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-04-16","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":2,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2026-04-16T04:00:23Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/terminat0r7031/composer-CVE-2026-40261-CVE-2026-40176-PoC","stars":2,"title":null}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Composer has Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Reference","id":"CVE-2026-40261","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","product":null,"products":[],"type":"command_injection","year":"2026"},"n_packages":5,"n_references":2,"next":{"headline":"Note Mark has Stored XSS via Unrestricted Asset Upload","id":"CVE-2026-40262"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","fixed":["2.2.27","2.9.6"],"introduced":["1.0.0","2.3.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"composer","purl":"pkg:bitnami/composer","source":"BIT-composer-2026-40261"},{"ecosystem":"Packagist","fixed":["2.2.27"],"introduced":["1.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"composer/composer","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-gqw4-4w2p-838q"},{"ecosystem":"Packagist","fixed":["2.2.27"],"introduced":["1.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"composer/composer","purl":"pkg:composer/composer/composer","source":"GHSA-gqw4-4w2p-838q"},{"ecosystem":"Packagist","fixed":["2.9.6"],"introduced":["2.3.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"composer/composer","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-gqw4-4w2p-838q"},{"ecosystem":"Packagist","fixed":["2.9.6"],"introduced":["2.3.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"composer/composer","purl":"pkg:composer/composer/composer","source":"GHSA-gqw4-4w2p-838q"}],"prev":{"headline":"pypdf: Manipulated XMP metadata entity declarations can exhaust RAM","id":"CVE-2026-40260"},"products":["composer"],"published":"2026-04-15","related":[{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Code execution and possible privilege escalation via compromised InstalledVersions.php or installed.php in Composer","id":"CVE-2024-24821","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-02-08"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Composer allows cache poisoning from other projects built on the same host","id":"CVE-2015-8371","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-09-21"},{"cvss_score":8.2,"headline":"Command injection in composer on Windows","id":"CVE-2021-41116","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2021-10-05"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Composer is vulnerable to Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Repository","id":"CVE-2026-40176","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-04-15"},{"cvss_score":1.3,"headline":"Composer vulnerable to ANSI sequence injection","id":"CVE-2025-67746","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-12-30"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"Apache-2.0","name":"Bitnami","prefix":"BIT"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-07-15","vendors":["composer"]},"summary":"Attackers can execute arbitrary commands via malicious package metadata in Composer, affecting developers installing dependencies from source.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-40261/"}