# CVE-2026-43324: USB: dummy-hcd: Fix interrupt synchronization error

> A race condition in the Linux kernel's dummy-hcd USB driver can cause a callback handler to run during unbinding, potentially leading to system instability or crashes.

- **Severity:** High 7.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 8 May 2026
- **Updated:** 5 Aug 2026
- **Also known as:** BELL-CVE-2026-43324, DEBIAN-CVE-2026-43324, GHSA-4f56-4jhm-5934, ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2204-CVE-2026-43324, ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2404-CVE-2026-43324, UBUNTU-CVE-2026-43324

## What is CVE-2026-43324?

CVE-2026-43324 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 8 May 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

USB: dummy-hcd: Fix interrupt synchronization error

This fixes an error in synchronization in the dummy-hcd driver.  The
error has a somewhat involved history.  The synchronization mechanism
was introduced by commit 7dbd8f4cabd9 ("USB: dummy-hcd: Fix erroneous
synchronization change"), which added an emulated "interrupts enabled"
flag together with code emulating synchronize_irq() (it waits until
all current handler callbacks have returned).

But the emulated interrupt-disable occurred too late, after the driver
containing the handler callback routines had been told that it was
unbound and no more callbacks would occur.  Commit 4a5d797a9f9c ("usb:
gadget: dummy_hcd: fix gpf in gadget_setup") tried to fix this by
moving the synchronize_irq() emulation code from dummy_stop() to
dummy_pullup(), which runs before the unbind callback.

There still were races, though, because the emulated interrupt-disable
still occurred too late.  It couldn't be moved to dummy_pullup(),
because that routine can be called for reasons other than an impending
unbind.  Therefore commits 7dc0c55e9f30 ("USB: UDC core: Add
udc_async_callbacks gadget op") and 04145a03db9d ("USB: UDC: Implement
udc_async_callbacks in dummy-hcd") added an API allowing the UDC core
to tell dummy-hcd exactly when emulated interrupts and their callbacks
should be disabled.

That brings us to the current state of things, which is still wrong
because the emulated synchronize_irq() occurs before the emulated
interrupt-disable!  That's no good, beause it means that more emulated
interrupts can occur after the synchronize_irq() emulation has run,
leading to the possibility that a callback handler may be running when
the gadget driver is unbound.

To fix this, we have to move the synchronize_irq() emulation code yet
again, to the dummy_udc_async_callbacks() routine, which takes care of
enabling and disabling emulated interrupt requests.  The
synchronization will now run immediately after emulated interrupts are
disabled, which is where it belongs.

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2026-43324?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Linux kernel.

## How do I fix CVE-2026-43324?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2026-43324 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-43324 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

- [CVE-2026-53266](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53266/): Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-6282](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-6282/): Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-0185](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-0185/): Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-2094](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-2094/): Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-53362](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53362/): Linux Kernel Unspecified (high 7.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2026-43324 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2026-43324 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 8 May 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-43324 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-43324/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-43324/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-43324
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43324
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-43324

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-43324/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.