# CVE-2026-48978: oras-go: Malicious registry can hijack Bearer token realm to exfiltrate credentials and refresh tokens > A malicious registry can hijack Bearer token realms to trigger SSRF and exfiltrate credentials from internal networks or downgrade connections. - **Severity:** Low 2.1 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N`) - **Exploited in the wild:** Not known - **Login needed:** Not needed - **Attackable:** Over the internet - **Victim action needed:** A user has to click or open something - **Fix available:** Yes - **Published:** 17 Jul 2026 - **Updated:** 21 Jul 2026 - **Also known as:** CLEANSTART-2026-GF32442, CLEANSTART-2026-WF30790, CLEANSTART-2026-ZA65601, DEBIAN-CVE-2026-48978, ECHO-9796-5913-82cc, GHSA-xf85-363p-868w, GO-2026-5885, MINI-22x9-wxhf-5r4m, MINI-2893-fr4r-5422, MINI-29rq-wpcx-g4gm, MINI-2hcg-42c6-vvf2, MINI-2rqf-p673-j4cw, MINI-2v97-375h-2j38, MINI-2vv3-q74v-qmw8, MINI-32wp-c349-5797, MINI-3397-x6fm-jcw5, MINI-33cq-xpph-jxxc, MINI-362f-w9hp-cwhj, MINI-36xg-hr5m-c398, MINI-3c4g-qm82-wfgr, MINI-3h5p-jh53-w9gr, MINI-3hmx-q698-gp89, MINI-3m3p-f4f4-jx9f, MINI-3m3q-7x2v-7w67, MINI-3p53-4265-67p7, MINI-3r4p-76x9-42c9, MINI-3rcc-7972-c42v, MINI-3vcp-fxph-hc6g, MINI-3wxw-xhwc-6wmc, MINI-43w7-65v7-xwqc, MINI-45j4-r22f-jj3x, MINI-4667-f4q8-xvcw, MINI-46m8-m6x5-6fr2, MINI-46rq-rfj3-h67r, MINI-48xv-jmcp-v87h, MINI-49j5-2v5w-hp5j, MINI-4chf-c43c-hcch, MINI-4cvm-q4f3-f443, MINI-4h4r-qqg7-wgpc, MINI-4r43-65qq-28f6, MINI-4r65-pwwp-jp93, MINI-4r9x-j2p3-w6x2, MINI-4rf6-rcqw-jv55, MINI-4vqc-25xc-cc23, MINI-52wh-f2mg-92fg, MINI-53fj-j22w-x4c3, MINI-53j7-w34x-965c, MINI-55cj-7qm9-2r95, MINI-55pc-7m32-h4jr, MINI-5pg6-wq3c-vvr3, MINI-5pg7-8jmx-4mcr, MINI-5r29-7cvg-gj69, MINI-5xx5-x9fp-xm83, MINI-635g-36r3-9wpf, MINI-64fh-w8j3-6jh3, MINI-6jmf-xm6r-2c69, MINI-6mxm-5m4p-hxc9, MINI-6p6q-8h83-m63x, MINI-6px4-r8g5-c98p, MINI-6w2j-qj7m-jh97, MINI-6wm8-4vr6-jp4c, MINI-6wqm-prrp-83g8, MINI-746h-r8j6-6ghr, MINI-74r4-7r7m-6q7x, MINI-7853-jgx2-2xhx, MINI-78c2-5w49-8789, MINI-7h35-353w-jfhj, MINI-7j8p-q3q8-f36c, MINI-7m9h-7vpp-pggg, MINI-7pcc-frvj-2ghr, MINI-83c5-43xf-374p, MINI-84gr-jr6h-5g94, MINI-84hr-h59f-f975, MINI-857j-678c-hrwx, MINI-8c46-v8rh-jh4r, MINI-8qm4-79fw-7jqf, MINI-8rr4-rxf6-8p9f, MINI-8v8p-frww-fpc6, MINI-938w-gpvj-5hfh, MINI-949v-7fxh-rm29, MINI-95xr-95pc-h7wj, MINI-97f6-4cpm-rw52, MINI-99vv-fc8r-qq78, MINI-9f6q-jhp6-f85w, MINI-9mpv-9583-2f64, MINI-9q46-fgc2-p689, MINI-9qp3-37h5-x72m, MINI-c2xx-2rvp-q7jw, MINI-c3jw-jc32-rm93, MINI-c44x-pxjf-gf6v, MINI-ccg8-wm29-f96x, MINI-cfrj-9hj4-7536, MINI-cq9c-w2w4-6f8m, MINI-crmc-7rfc-8cj4, MINI-cxhp-f4f3-2w36, MINI-f6gw-r9qg-q46c, MINI-f95q-wf4c-fx43, MINI-fhgc-xrcg-pjvg, MINI-fhw6-32m5-293g, MINI-fm25-8gq2-fr3g, MINI-fmfc-q3cp-vvh8, MINI-fmh4-29f8-77jq, MINI-fph3-jjg8-w2rp, MINI-fv75-p596-g87m, MINI-fv96-52q6-6h8h, MINI-fwc2-925h-rrr7, MINI-g2g5-8gf8-q6mr, MINI-g2vg-84j9-g39h, MINI-gcgg-5v6x-86g7, MINI-gf37-2qwv-2mv2, MINI-gf96-j45x-qrg5, MINI-gfx8-v34h-cfxm, MINI-ggqw-rxcw-cfrq, MINI-gjqx-prpq-r52c, MINI-gqf3-vh29-mw57, MINI-gvwv-76qg-m9cw, MINI-gw7f-8f9c-hp2g, MINI-h4w5-p29f-5hcj, MINI-h85v-f8m3-9x7f, MINI-hc86-3fj5-f29x, MINI-hcmx-xxj2-cjjc, MINI-hfqg-cg5q-c9m7, MINI-hhpp-wj3f-5g6m, MINI-hj84-v3hg-9m59, MINI-hwf9-85r7-7p36, MINI-hwjf-fjjg-x8h9, MINI-hx76-jhqp-h5v8, MINI-j3rp-h779-jpph, MINI-j5hr-9p6m-3h6v, MINI-j9qh-22qj-7xw6, MINI-jcc4-wccf-jv7f, MINI-jcm6-2245-mxjm, MINI-jfg9-hcmx-35j4, MINI-jh7x-vfrw-r846, MINI-jj54-7fqx-pw4r, MINI-jmjw-qgv5-4rvv, MINI-jrwh-886m-p7qp, MINI-jv7q-vqw3-xcp6, MINI-m2q9-r7r7-rrgc, MINI-m6j6-xcg3-8388, MINI-mc43-4rhc-682p, MINI-mg3m-6vxv-mgw4, MINI-mjwx-8hrp-mxr5, MINI-mm5f-x8mh-82fj, MINI-mwrj-34x3-66v4, MINI-p25g-vg33-49m6, MINI-p26w-qrhc-x8wh, MINI-p994-rr96-9vpg, MINI-pfq2-3h46-fvpr, MINI-pg64-p4mg-4xv9, MINI-pp66-m8jh-98hc, MINI-pp9w-wv48-xrc7, MINI-ppfx-cpmg-6634, MINI-prp9-v97w-8rm7, MINI-pv98-9459-x4mc, MINI-pxrg-6x2j-8g8v, MINI-q35p-g8x5-hq7x, MINI-q38j-m37p-3x9v, MINI-q3fp-x35m-vq7r, MINI-qvv7-3g57-x64j, MINI-r29q-jgx3-xvcp, MINI-r2pq-hv9g-jv4f, MINI-r3h6-hfrj-jm2v, MINI-r493-8mhm-pw3w, MINI-r69q-9984-x8w2, MINI-r843-c78x-2x54, MINI-rhh2-jpjr-62gf, MINI-rmpw-vhhr-mg8v, MINI-rp83-vhf9-8x75, MINI-rp87-9cf3-c5pq, MINI-rq64-w9g3-55ff, MINI-rr3g-m7fv-f9q8, MINI-rw33-79w5-qv4w, MINI-v2fg-cg8j-w47f, MINI-v6fp-vg7j-f79c, MINI-v857-g72w-3x3v, MINI-vcfq-fgpm-4wg6, MINI-vcmg-xj9q-vrff, MINI-vgxm-234c-mhm7, MINI-vh32-gjx6-9c77, MINI-vhfx-79hm-p22p, MINI-vhhq-2hc8-w7jm, MINI-vj5g-pvgm-68mf, MINI-vm3h-m664-7vh2, MINI-vphr-2qqv-764g, MINI-w2fx-f73m-vrpx, MINI-w5vr-fgp3-c5qc, MINI-w7mv-q893-h8mm, MINI-w93h-8wjf-ggr6, MINI-wpg8-fq38-297w, MINI-wq7g-xfr6-f6rw, MINI-x34g-93mf-v632, MINI-x48c-87r2-v8x7, MINI-x49h-9rh4-4fg2, MINI-x7j7-wwc9-c25j, MINI-xmhm-6gc3-3h47, MINI-xp8r-vjfx-mchm, MINI-xv6j-g6rq-fw79, MINI-xvmm-hrg5-h38x, MINI-xx2w-m6fm-wqc5, SUSE-SU-2026:22603-1, SUSE-SU-2026:22650-1, UBUNTU-CVE-2026-48978, openSUSE-SU-2026:11186-1, openSUSE-SU-2026:11187-1, openSUSE-SU-2026:21331-1 ## What is CVE-2026-48978? CVE-2026-48978 is a low-severity server-side request forgery vulnerability in oras-project oras-go, published on 17 Jul 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link. ### Official description oras-go is a Go library for managing OCI artifacts. Prior to 2.6.1, auth.Client follows the realm URL from a registry's WWW-Authenticate: Bearer challenge without validating the scheme or host, allowing a malicious or compromised registry to cause SSRF to internal networks such as http://169.254.169.254/, http://10.0.0.x/, and http://127.0.0.1/, or to downgrade a registry contacted over https:// to an http:// token endpoint in registry/remote/auth/client.go through Client.Do(), Client.fetchBearerToken(), fetchDistributionToken, and fetchOAuth2Token. This issue is fixed in version 2.6.1. Weakness: CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery), CWE-319 (Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information) ## Which versions are affected by CVE-2026-48978? 5 open source packages ship an affected version, including oras.land/oras-go/v2 and oras.land/oras-go. | Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | `oras.land/oras-go/v2` | Go | All versions | 2.6.1 | | `oras.land/oras-go/v2` | Go | All versions | 2.6.1 | | `oras.land/oras-go/v2` | Go | All versions | 2.6.1 | | `oras.land/oras-go` | Go | All versions to 1.2.7 | None | | `oras.land/oras-go` | Go | All versions to 1.2.7 | None | | `helm` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | All versions | 3.21.2-160000.2.2 | | `helm` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | All versions | 3.21.2-160000.2.2 | | `helm` | SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | All versions | 3.21.2-160000.2.2 | | `helm` | openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | All versions | 3.21.2-160000.2.1 | | `helm` | openSUSE:Tumbleweed | All versions | 4.2.2-2.1 | | `helm3` | openSUSE:Tumbleweed | All versions | 3.21.2-2.1 | ## How do I fix CVE-2026-48978? Upgrade oras.land/oras-go/v2 to 2.6.1 or later. ## Is CVE-2026-48978 being exploited? There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-48978 in the wild and no public exploit code. ## Fix prompt for AI coding agents ```text Check this codebase for CVE-2026-48978 and fix it if it is affected. What it is: CVE-2026-48978 is a low-severity server-side request forgery vulnerability in oras-project oras-go, published on 17 Jul 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link. Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-48978 in the wild and no public exploit code. Affected packages and fixed versions: - oras.land/oras-go/v2 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 2.6.1 - oras.land/oras-go/v2 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 2.6.1 - oras.land/oras-go/v2 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 2.6.1 - oras.land/oras-go (Go): affected all versions up to 1.2.7; no fix listed - oras.land/oras-go (Go): affected all versions up to 1.2.7; no fix listed Task: 1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies. 2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it. 3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead. 4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why. 5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing. Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-48978/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-48978/index.md) ``` ## Sources - CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48978 - NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48978 - OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-48978 --- From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-48978/ Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.