CVE-2026-49495 Ghidra 10.2 < 12.1 - Denial of Service via Circular Reference in Mach-O Export Trie Parser

What is CVE-2026-49495?

CVE-2026-49495 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in nationalsecurityagency ghidra, published on 10 Jun 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.

Official description

Ghidra 10.2 before 12.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in ExportTrie.parseTrie() that lacks cycle detection when traversing Mach-O binary export tries. A crafted Mach-O binary with circular references in the export trie causes unbounded queue growth and exponential string concatenation, triggering OutOfMemoryError that crashes the entire JVM and loses all unsaved work.

Weakness: CWE-835

Which versions are affected by CVE-2026-49495?

It affects 1 product.

Products include Nsa Ghidra.

How do I fix CVE-2026-49495?

No fix has been published for CVE-2026-49495 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

Upgrade, then put limits on request size, rate and nesting depth so one client cannot exhaust the service. More about Denial of service.

Is CVE-2026-49495 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2026-49495 exists.

Other vulnerabilities in nationalsecurityagency ghidra

• CVE-2023-22671 Command injection in n/a Critical 9.8
• CVE-2019-16941 XML external entity in n/a Critical 9.8
• CVE-2019-13625 XML external entity in n/a Critical 9.1
• CVE-2026-4946 NSA Ghidra Auto-Analysis Annotation Command Execution High 8.8
• CVE-2026-49498 Ghidra 11.0 < 12.1 - SQL Injection in PostgreSQL Password Change via Unescaped Username High 8.7

Sources

• CVE record
• NVD
• OSV
• GitHub advisory
• How this page is made

Also known as GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg.