{"answers":{"affected":"2 open source packages ship an affected version, including mail.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-63435 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade mail to 2.9.1 or later.","what":"CVE-2026-63435 is a medium-severity vulnerability in mikel mail, published on 1 Sep 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2026-63435 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2026-63435 is a medium-severity vulnerability in mikel mail, published on 1 Sep 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-63435 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- mail (RubyGems): affected all versions; fixed in 2.9.1\n- mail (RubyGems): affected all versions; fixed in 2.9.1\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-63435/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-63435/index.md)","id":"CVE-2026-63435","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-63435/index.md","name":"CVE-2026-63435","record":{"aliases":["CLEANSTART-2026-JD97527","CLEANSTART-2026-UV37642","DEBIAN-CVE-2026-63435","GHSA-mvxr-6m87-mv2q","MINI-3qgm-rhmq-5jh9","MINI-8497-x9jj-x597","MINI-9h65-383c-vr68","MINI-crm6-r22w-vq2x","MINI-fjgh-3hqc-gf4f","MINI-g6fm-x62h-338v","MINI-gvg5-h778-pc73","MINI-hhhm-hph8-qrch","MINI-j2x4-55jq-c48h","MINI-pcrc-hh7g-9p4r","MINI-vvxw-6wqp-6c28","OESA-2026-4104","OESA-2026-4105","OESA-2026-4106","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-63435"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["security_bypass","other"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Ruby mail library","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can spoof email headers via malformed RFC 2047 encoding, bypassing security checks and enabling phishing in applications using the Ruby Mail library.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"other"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[],"cvss":{"score":5.3,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-436","name":"Interpretation Conflict"}],"description":"Mail is an internet library for Ruby designed to handle email generation, parsing, and sending. Prior to 2.9.1, Mail::Utilities.q_value_decode and Mail::Utilities.b_value_decode used a single String#match and an overly greedy charset capture to decode only the first RFC 2047 encoded-word and mishandle surrounding or subsequent text. A crafted malformed encoded-word in an address display name or local part could cross ? delimiters and make decoded From, To, or Reply-To header values differ from the raw values inspected by a human reviewer or downstream parser, enabling apparent sender or recipient spoofing, phishing, or authorization-check bypass. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.","ecosystems":["RubyGems"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Mail: Email address spoofing via malformed RFC 2047 encoded-words","id":"CVE-2026-63435","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","product":null,"products":[],"type":"other","year":"2026"},"n_packages":2,"n_references":4,"next":{"headline":"OPNsense: Log Forgery via Login Username CRLF in WebGUI Authentication → Pf Table IP Blocking","id":"CVE-2026-63442"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["2.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"mail","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-mvxr-6m87-mv2q"},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","fixed":["2.9.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"mail","purl":"pkg:gem/mail","source":"GHSA-mvxr-6m87-mv2q"}],"prev":{"headline":"Code injection in horilla-hr","id":"CVE-2026-63432"},"products":["mail"],"published":"2026-09-01","related":[],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-09-02","vendors":["mikel"]},"summary":"Attackers can spoof email headers via malformed RFC 2047 encoding, bypassing security checks and enabling phishing in applications using the Ruby Mail library.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-63435/"}