# CVE-2026-64025: bpf, skmsg: fix verdict sk_data_ready racing with ktls rx

> A race condition in the Linux kernel BPF skmsg verdict path with kTLS can lead to a use-after-free, potentially allowing local attackers to execute code or escalate privileges.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 19 Jul 2026
- **Updated:** 19 Oct 2026
- **Also known as:** BELL-CVE-2026-64025, DEBIAN-CVE-2026-64025, GHSA-r22g-q228-2mx8, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-11-CVE-2026-64025, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-12-CVE-2026-64025, ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2204-CVE-2026-64025, UBUNTU-CVE-2026-64025

## What is CVE-2026-64025?

CVE-2026-64025 is a critical use after free vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 19 Jul 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf, skmsg: fix verdict sk_data_ready racing with ktls rx

sk_psock_strp_data_ready() already checks tls_sw_has_ctx_rx() and
defers to psock->saved_data_ready when a TLS RX context is present,
avoiding a conflict with the TLS strparser's ownership of the receive
queue (commit e91de6afa81c, "bpf: Fix running sk_skb program types
with ktls").

sk_psock_verdict_data_ready() has no equivalent guard.  When a socket
is inserted into a sockmap (BPF_SK_SKB_VERDICT) before TLS RX is
configured, tls_sw_strparser_arm() saves sk_psock_verdict_data_ready
as rx_ctx->saved_data_ready.  On data arrival:

  tls_data_ready -> tls_strp_data_ready -> tls_rx_msg_ready
    -> saved_data_ready() = sk_psock_verdict_data_ready()
      -> tcp_read_skb() drains sk_receive_queue via __skb_unlink()
         without calling tcp_eat_skb(), so copied_seq is not advanced.

tls_strp_msg_load() then finds tcp_inq() >= full_len (stale), calls
tcp_recv_skb() on the now-empty queue, hits WARN_ON_ONCE(!first), and
returns with rx_ctx->strp.anchor.frag_list pointing at a psock-owned
(potentially freed) skb.  tls_decrypt_sg() subsequently walks that
frag_list: use-after-free.

Apply the same fix as sk_psock_strp_data_ready(): if a TLS RX context
is present, call psock->saved_data_ready (sock_def_readable) to wake
recv() waiters and return immediately, leaving the receive queue
untouched.  TLS retains sole ownership of the queue and decrypts the
record normally through tls_sw_recvmsg().

Weakness: CWE-362 (Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2026-64025?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Linux kernel.

## How do I fix CVE-2026-64025?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2026-64025 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-64025 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

- [CVE-2026-53266](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53266/): Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-6282](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-6282/): Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-0185](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-0185/): Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-2094](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-2094/): Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-53362](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53362/): Linux Kernel Unspecified (high 7.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2026-64025 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2026-64025 is a critical use after free vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 19 Jul 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2026-64025 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-64025/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-64025/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-64025
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-64025
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-64025

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-64025/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.