# GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj: Pixar OpenUSD Sdf_PathNode Module Use-After-Free Vulnerability Leading to Potential Remote Code Execution

> A use-after-free flaw in Pixar OpenUSD allows remote code execution or crashes when processing specially crafted USD files in multi-threaded environments.

- **Severity:** Not scored
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Not stated
- **Victim action needed:** A user has to click or open something
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 4 Sep 2025

## What is GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj?

GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj is an use after free vulnerability in usd-core, published on 4 Sep 2025. 

### Official description

### Summary
A Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability has been discovered in the Sdf_PathNode module of the Pixar OpenUSD library. This issue occurs during the deletion of the Sdf_PrimPathNode object in multi-threaded environments, where freed memory is accessed. This results in segmentation faults or bus errors, allowing attackers to potentially exploit the vulnerability for remote code execution (RCE). By using a specially crafted .usd file, an attacker could gain control of the affected system. The vulnerability has been confirmed in multiple OpenUSD tools, including sdfdump, usdtree, usdcat, and sdffilter.

### Patches

This is fixed with [commit 0d74f31](https://github.com/PixarAnimationStudios/OpenUSD/commit/0d74f31fe64310791e274e587c9926335e9db9db), with the fix available in OpenUSD 25.08 and onwards.

### Details
The issue is a Use-After-Free vulnerability in the Sdf_PathNode destruction process, specifically in Sdf_PrimPathNode::~Sdf_PrimPathNode(). When multiple threads attempt to destroy or modify the same Sdf_PathNode object, a race condition can occur, causing the object to be accessed after it has been freed. This leads to segmentation faults or bus errors, as observed in the crash logs.
```
root@DESKTOP-7VTO277:/mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/asan_install/bin# ./sdffilter /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Downloads/one.usd
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'extent' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemaleHair.xformOpOrder)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'extent' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/SocksHuman.xformOp:transform)
AddressSanitizer:DEADLYSIGNAL
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'extent' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemale{rigComplexity=faceBones}Geom/Face/Eyes/LEye/Pupil_sbdv/LEye/Iris_sbdv.faceVertexCounts)
=================================================================
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'faceVertexCounts' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemaleHair.xformOpOrder)
AddressSanitizerWarning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'faceVertexCounts' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/SocksHuman.xformOp:transform)
:DEADLYSIGNAL
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendChild at line 824 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Cannot append child 'Standin' to path '/HumanFemale_Group/KidThinButtonDown/Geom/LSock/Hair/Body/HeelSeam_sbdv/BrowL_HairLayer.primvars:displayColor'.
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'faceVertexIndices' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/SocksHuman.xformOp:transform)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendChild at line 824 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Cannot append child 'Tongue_sbdv' to path '/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemale{rigComplexity=faceBones}Geom/Body/Body_sbdv.points'.
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'faceVertexIndices' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemaleHair.xformOpOrder)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendChild at line 824 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Cannot append child 'Geom' to path '/HumanFemale_Group/KidThinButtonDown/Geom/LSock/Hair/Body/HeelSeam_sbdv.faceVertexCounts'.
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'points' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemaleHair.xformOpOrder)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendChild at line 824 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Cannot append child 'Cornea_sbdv' to path '/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemale{rigComplexity=faceBones}Geom/Body/Body_sbdv.primvars:skel:jointWeights'.
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'primvars:displayColor' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemaleHair.xformOpOrder)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendChild at line 824 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Cannot append child 'Iris_sbdv' to path '/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemale{rigComplexity=faceBones}Geom/Body/Body_sbdv.primvars:skel:jointWeights'.
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'extent' to a prim path (/RShoe/Body/ShoeBody_sbdv/Geom/RShoe/Sole/Standin/Shell_sbdv.interpolateBoundary)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'primvars:skel:geomBindTransform' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemaleHair.xformOpOrder)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'faceVertexCounts' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemale{rigComplexity=faceBones}Geom/Face/Eyes/LEye/Pupil_sbdv/LEye/Iris_sbdv.faceVertexCounts)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'primvars:skel:jointIndices' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemaleHair.xformOpOrder)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'faceVertexIndices' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemale{rigComplexity=faceBones}Geom/Face/Eyes/LEye/Pupil_sbdv/LEye/Iris_sbdv.faceVertexCounts)
==270474==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: SEGV on unknown address 0x7f8500000008 (pc 0x7f855a574b2b bp 0x7ffcd379aa30 sp 0x7ffcd379a770 T0)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendChild at line 824 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Cannot append child 'Pupil_sbdv' to path '/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemale{rigComplexity=faceBones}Geom/Body/Body_sbdv.primvars:skel:jointWeights'.
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'points' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/SocksHuman.xformOp:transform)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'faceVertexCounts' to a prim path (/RShoe/Body/ShoeBody_sbdv/Geom/RShoe/Sole/Standin/Shell_sbdv.interpolateBoundary)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendProperty at line 921 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Can only append a property 'primvars:displayColor' to a prim path (/HumanFemale_Group/SocksHuman.xformOp:transform)
Warning (secondary thread): in AppendChild at line 824 of /mnt/c/Users/HomePc/Fuzzing/linuxTarget/usd/OpenUSD/pxr/usd/sdf/path.cpp -- Cannot append child 'Sclera_sbdv' to path '/HumanFemale_Group/HumanFemale{rigComplexity=faceBones}Geom/Body/Body_sbdv.primvars:skel:joint

## Which versions are affected by GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj?

2 open source packages ship an affected version, including usd-core.


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `usd-core` | PyPI | All versions | 25.8 |
| `usd-core` | PyPI | All versions | 25.8 |

## How do I fix GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj?

Upgrade usd-core to 25.8 or later.

## Is GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj is an use after free vulnerability in usd-core, published on 4 Sep 2025. 
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected packages and fixed versions:
- usd-core (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 25.8
- usd-core (PyPI): affected all versions; fixed in 25.8

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj/index.md)
```

## Sources

- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/GHSA-58p5-r2f6-g2cj/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.