# GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh: Clarify `mediaType` handling

> Ambiguous OCI manifest and index documents can be misinterpreted, potentially leading to security bypasses or code execution during deserialization.

- **Severity:** Not scored
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 18 Nov 2021

## What is GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh?

GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh is an unsafe deserialization vulnerability in github.com/opencontainers/image-spec, published on 18 Nov 2021. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

### Impact
In the OCI Image Specification version 1.0.1 and prior, manifest and index documents are not self-describing and documents with a single digest could be interpreted as either a manifest or an index.

### Patches
The Image Specification will be updated to recommend that both manifest and index documents contain a `mediaType` field to identify the type of document.
Release [v1.0.2](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/releases/tag/v1.0.2) includes these updates.

### Workarounds
Software attempting to deserialize an ambiguous document may reject the document if it contains both “manifests” and “layers” fields or “manifests” and “config” fields.

### References
https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/security/advisories/GHSA-mc8v-mgrf-8f4m

### For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
* Open an issue in https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec
* Email us at [security@opencontainers.org](mailto:security@opencontainers.org)
* https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/commits/v1.0.2

## Which versions are affected by GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh?

2 open source packages ship an affected version, including github.com/opencontainers/image-spec.


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `github.com/opencontainers/image-spec` | Go | All versions | 1.0.2 |
| `github.com/opencontainers/image-spec` | Go | All versions | 1.0.2 |

## How do I fix GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh?

Upgrade github.com/opencontainers/image-spec to 1.0.2 or later.

## Is GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh is an unsafe deserialization vulnerability in github.com/opencontainers/image-spec, published on 18 Nov 2021. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected packages and fixed versions:
- github.com/opencontainers/image-spec (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 1.0.2
- github.com/opencontainers/image-spec (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 1.0.2

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh/index.md)
```

## Sources

- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/GHSA-77vh-xpmg-72qh/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.